Overview
Blockchain and AI seem to be opposites in many aspects, especially in terms of their values. Most technologies in the world are oriented towards improving efficiency, with only a few focusing on promoting fairness. In the Industrial Revolution, the steam engine represented the former, while the market mechanism represented the latter. Today, strong AI is the shining star among the efficiency-oriented technologies, while blockchain is the culmination of fairness-oriented technologies.
Blockchain aims to raise fairness, even at the cost of reducing efficiency, and it is precisely this technology that has achieved breakthroughs almost in opposition to AI. A more abstract and philosophical way of thinking is that the competition between technologies and civilizations may ultimately come down to a competition of energy levels, to see who can schedule and concentrate larger-scale energy to achieve a goal. Strong AI is essentially the conversion of energy into computing power, and computing power into intelligence, whose essence is energy manifested in the form of computing power. The existing security mechanisms are fundamentally based on human will, discipline, and authoritative rules, all of which are mechanisms of a low energy level and are vulnerable to strong AI in the long run. The spear constructed by high-level energy computing power can only be defended by a shield constructed by high-level energy computing power. Blockchain and cryptographic systems are shields of computing power, and attackers must burn the entire galaxy's energy to violently crack them. Essentially, only such systems can tame strong AI and ensure that it will not be abused. Therefore, blockchain and AI are not in an absolute opposition but rather in a complementary relationship.
EMC has created a new technological model that can securely distribute AI tasks and data to decentralized network computing nodes through blockchain mechanisms, enabling more efficient AI computing and secure data transmission. At the same time, EMC utilizes the economic scheduling mechanism of web3 to schedule decentralized computing nodes through economic incentives, improving the efficiency of the entire network. This mechanism can reward participants while ensuring efficient task processing. By combining blockchain and AI technology, EMC not only improves the efficiency of AI but also ensures fairness and security of data. This technological model can be applied to various industries, providing enterprises and individuals with more efficient and secure AI services and bringing more commercial and social value.
EMC protocol（EdgeMatrix Computing Protocol）
EMC Protocol is a blockchain and peer-to-peer network-based edge computing protocol that includes features such as smart contracts, decentralized storage, and consensus mechanisms for transaction validation. It aims to connect various servers, personal computers, and other devices to form a decentralized computing power network. It can serve as the infrastructure connecting decentralized computing power and dApps, providing users with more flexible, reliable, and efficient computing resources and enabling them to share computing resources and process data together.
The advantage of EMC Protocol is that it can integrate computing power and applications from different sources, enabling them to exchange and collaborate on a unified platform. It provides a computing power marketplace where users can access EMC Protocol's computing power sockets and search for suitable computing power or applications in the marketplace. This marketplace is decentralized, and users can make secure and fast payments and settlements through smart contracts and cryptocurrencies. At the same time, EMC Protocol also provides some infrastructure, such as data storage and identity verification, to make it more convenient for users to use the platform.
EMC Protocol also provides some innovative features, such as smart routing and data caching, to optimize the use of computing resources and network efficiency. Its security is also taken seriously, adopting advanced encryption technology and security mechanisms to ensure the protection of users' data and transaction information.
State Machine
A state machine in the EMC network refers to the consensus requests initiated by the validating nodes, which involve reaching consensus on the entire network's state and writing it into the EMC blockchain. The state machine uses the blockchain format to represent the computing power status of the entire EMC network.
Validator Nodes
In the EMC network, a group of validators participate in verifying the network's computing power status and packing data submissions to the state machine by locking a certain amount of EMC tokens. These validators are known as validator nodes, and they obtain the qualification to become validator nodes through elections and selections. These validator nodes periodically submit blocks to the blockchain network to verify and confirm the state machine, thereby earning rewards.
Unlike traditional blockchains, the consensus requests initiated by the EMC network are not transactions but a set of datasets (including proof of computing, computing power task scheduling, and computing power transactions) that record the computing power status. In the EMC network, this dataset is called the "state."
When any node receives a computing power call, it verifies the source of the computing power call request and puts it into a queue for processing. The node then calls the specified computing power according to the computing power call request, verifies the source of the provided computing power result, and broadcasts it to the entire network. The validator nodes then verify both parties of the computing power call transaction, initiate consensus, and wait for confirmation from other validator nodes. Other validator nodes verify the transaction generated by the initiating validator node to ensure that the validator node did not forge the transaction. When 2/3 of the validator nodes confirm the transaction, it is confirmed and written into the state machine. The entire process is asynchronous, and all real-time computing power calls are processed immediately without waiting for consensus to complete, after which the state is recorded into the state machine.
Smart router nodes
Smart router nodes are an important component of the EMC network, and they have the following functions:
Connect all validator nodes and edge computing nodes: Smart router nodes connect all validator nodes and edge computing nodes in the EMC network, enabling them to communicate and interact with each other.
Synchronize and record the full-network state machine: The full-network state machine in the EMC network needs to be recorded and synchronized by all validator nodes. As a key intermediary node, Smart router nodes can synchronize all state machine information and ensure consistency throughout the network.
Route requests to edge computing nodes based on shortest path and node load capacity, and return results: Smart router nodes can route requests to the best edge computing nodes based on shortest path and node load capacity, and return the results to the requesting party. This can improve the performance and stability of the EMC network.
Real-time communication broadcasting: Smart router nodes are also used to provide real-time communication broadcasting to the entire network. They can broadcast messages to all nodes in the network, ensuring real-time communication and interaction between nodes.
Smart router nodes earn rewards by providing computing resources and network bandwidth.
Computing nodes
Computing nodes are another important component of the EMC network, which provide computing power to the entire network. Computing nodes can be personal computers, servers, smartphones, or any other computing devices running EMC's service process. They act as target nodes for smart router nodes, receive computing requests from smart router nodes, complete corresponding computation tasks, and return results to the smart router nodes, thereby improving the computational efficiency and performance of the EMC network.
Computing nodes are rewarded in two ways: through proof of computing and through computing tasks. Proof of computing is obtained by joining the computing node and undergoing state bit verification, while computing tasks are obtained through computing transaction in the computing marketplace.
Computing pool
To serve large-scale computing tasks, a computing pool is a way to organize multiple computing nodes to work together through resource sharing and task scheduling, thereby improving the computational efficiency and performance of the entire pool. Typically, these computing nodes are equipped with high-performance GPUs and have computing power that can be used to perform various computationally intensive tasks, including AI model training and AI application inference. In a computing pool, nodes can share resources such as GPUs, memory, etc., to improve the computational efficiency and performance of the entire pool. At the same time, computing pools also provide many AI frameworks, such as TensorFlow, PyTorch, etc., to provide users with more convenient, flexible, and cost-effective computing services. Compared to a single computing node, a computing pool has greater computing power and higher reliability, and can meet larger-scale computing task requirements.
Consensus
EMC adopts Proof of Work (PoW) + Proof of Stake (PoS) consensus algorithm, with a total of 3F+1 validator nodes on the network. All validator nodes achieve consensus through the Istanbul Byzantine Fault Tolerance (IBFT) strategy after 2/3 confirmation.
This consensus algorithm has advantages such as fairness, efficiency, low energy consumption, and low transaction costs, giving the EMC network a significant advantage in fast application interaction and low-cost transactions.
Staking
The existence of validator nodes is necessary to ensure the security and reliability of a network. Validator nodes require a certain amount of EMC tokens as collateral to ensure that they do not behave maliciously, otherwise their collateral will be forfeited. In PoS consensus algorithms, the reward for validator nodes is proportional to the amount of tokens they have staked, meaning that validator nodes with more staked tokens have greater rewards and are more likely to become consensus validators. Therefore, they are incentivized to remain honest and contribute to the entire network.
Smart router nodes are responsible for routing calculation requests and scheduling computing tasks. They also require a certain amount of EMC tokens as collateral to ensure that they do not behave maliciously, otherwise their collateral will be forfeited. In PoS consensus algorithms, the stake of smart router nodes is proportional to the number of tokens they hold, meaning that nodes with more tokens have greater power and are more likely to participate in and receive computing tasks.
The number of smart router nodes directly affects the performance and stability of the entire EMC network. If the number of smart router nodes is insufficient or unevenly distributed, it can lead to network congestion and delays. To ensure the stability and efficiency of the EMC network, it is necessary to plan and configure the number and distribution of smart router nodes appropriately. Smart router nodes need to stake a certain amount of EMC tokens to maintain the stability and reliability of the network. Once the nodes are selected and able to complete their tasks successfully, they can receive corresponding rewards. In PoS consensus algorithms, the reward for smart router nodes is proportional to the amount of tokens they have staked. Overall, the contribution of intelligent routing nodes in the blockchain network is widely recognized and rewarded.
For Computing nodes, PoS mechanisms can ensure that the stake of the node matches their contribution to the network, thereby promoting active participation and continued contribution. The tasks completed by computing nodes in the network and the rewards they receive are related to the amount of stake they hold. Therefore, computing nodes can prove their identity and willingness to participate in the network by staking a certain amount of EMC. At the same time, PoS mechanisms can prevent malicious behaviors by computing nodes, such as attacking the network, double spending, etc., thus ensuring the security and stability of the network.
Computing nodes can choose not to stake and undertake some non-continuous tasks to receive rewards. This allows them to flexibly utilize their computing resources. For example, real-time communication, AIGC applications, etc., these tasks generally do not require the computing resources of nodes for a long time and can coexist well with other computing tasks. For the EMC network, these non-continuous tasks can further improve the computing efficiency and performance of the network, while providing more revenue opportunities for small computing nodes, promoting the development of the EMC ecosystem.
Computing socket
A computing socket is a technology that converts computing resources into digital assets, where each computing socket is assigned a unique identifier that can be thought of as an NFT. End-users can purchase these NFTs to access the corresponding computing resources, and can also sell or exchange computing sockets to access the computing resources they need more conveniently. This is a blockchain-based distributed computing platform, where smart contracts can automate the management and execution of computing sockets' use and transactions. Computing sockets can be configured to support specific AI applications, for example, one computing socket may be configured to support image generation tasks based on Stable Diffusion, while another may be configured to support NLP tasks based on PyTorch. When a computing node uses its computing socket to execute a task, the smart contract ensures that the node receives appropriate rewards, and pays the rewards to the node after the task is completed. This configuration allows computing nodes to optimize according to their computing capabilities and the application's requirements, providing more efficient and reliable computing resources for AI applications.
Computing power unit
It should be noted that verifying computing power is a complex issue, as many factors can affect the accuracy of the measurement, such as the hardware type used, software frameworks, and network conditions. To verify a node's overall computing power, EMC adopts a method of measuring the time required for the node to complete a standard task. This standard task can be a computational problem that requires a certain level of computing power to solve, such as a complex mathematical equation or an encryption puzzle. The time required for the node to complete this task can be used as a measure of its computing power, denoted by the symbol E.
Computing marketplace
The computing marketplace is a blockchain-based market that provides a transparent, secure, and efficient way to trade computing resources. In the computing marketplace, computing nodes can sell their idle computing power, while users who need computing resources can purchase these computing power units to meet their specific computing needs.
The computing marketplace is implemented based on smart contract technology, where smart contracts automate the computing power trading process, ensuring transparency, fairness, and trustworthiness of the transactions. Each computing power transaction in the market is recorded on the blockchain to ensure that the transaction records are tamper-proof and traceable.
The computing marketplace brings many benefits to computing nodes and users. Computing nodes can use idle computing power to earn additional income while managing their computing resources more effectively. Users can more conveniently obtain the computing resources they need without spending a lot of time and effort searching for suitable computing resources.
With the continuous development of artificial intelligence and blockchain technology, the prospects for the computing marketplace are becoming increasingly broad. It can not only provide individuals and enterprises with more computing resources but also promote the optimization and utilization of computing resources, thereby driving the development of AI technology.
Last quoted from https://bitcoin.org/en/ （EMC is open-source; its design is public, nobody owns or controls EMC and everyone can take part.）
Openverse Framework
Openverse Framework is a web3 dapp development framework built on top of the EMC protocol. It provides a rich set of SDKs and APIs to help developers develop, deploy, and manage applications more easily.
EMC SDK: Provides APIs and tools to interact with the EMC protocol, create power socket management data streams, and power subscription.
Web3 SDK: Calls other blockchain smart contracts to implement functions such as wallet connection, cryptocurrency payment, NFT creation, and trading.
3D Scene SDK: Creates Metaverse applications.
DID SDK: Provides blockchain-based identity verification and authorization mechanisms to protect user privacy and data security.
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Openverse is a very promising project, especially for developing AI applications, as it directly calls upon the computing power of the EMC network through the EMC protocol, which can save developers a lot of time and cost. Openverse can help bring computing assets on the EMC network closer to end-users.
EMC provides token rewards and grant programs for developers, and we hope to attract more promising developers and teams to continuously improve plugins and tools, and to expand the boundaries of decentralized applications infinitely.
With the continuous development and application of artificial intelligence technology, the importance of the EMC network will become increasingly prominent. We believe that in the not-too-distant future, anyone will be able to easily and quickly generate their own JARVIS, which will be very cool, and EMC will become the infrastructure that connects decentralized computing power and decentralized applications, providing strong support and protection for building more intelligent, efficient, and reliable decentralized applications.
Ecosystem
The EMC protocol and Openverse Framework are the technological foundation of the entire EMC ecosystem, while the EMC token provides the economic foundation. As an economic incentive mechanism, it encourages computing power providers to participate in the network and provide resources, while also incentivizing developers and users to participate in network construction and ecosystem development. The EMC token is also used to pay for computing power transactions and smart contract execution fees, ensuring the operation and fairness of the entire system. The various parts of the ecosystem interact with each other, forming a closed loop, which allows the entire system to operate in a healthy manner.
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